Indian Railways has made a significant stride in modernising its passenger fleet by manufacturing more than 42,600 Linke Hofmann Busch (LHB) coaches over the last 11 years. The achievement reflects one of the largest rolling stock upgradation programmes undertaken by the national transporter, aimed at enhancing passenger safety, comfort, and operational efficiency.
The transition from conventional Integral Coach Factory (ICF) coaches to LHB coaches has been a cornerstone of Indian Railways’ modernisation drive. Designed with advanced safety features, LHB coaches are equipped with anti-climbing mechanisms, superior braking systems, and improved crashworthiness. These features have played a crucial role in reducing casualties during accidents and improving overall train safety.
Manufactured at key production units including the Integral Coach Factory (ICF) in Chennai, Rail Coach Factory (RCF) in Kapurthala, and Modern Coach Factory (MCF) in Raebareli, the large-scale production of LHB coaches has also strengthened India’s domestic manufacturing capabilities. The effort aligns with the government’s broader focus on self-reliance and indigenous production in the rail sector.
Beyond safety, LHB coaches have significantly improved passenger experience. The coaches offer better riding comfort, enhanced suspension systems, improved interiors, modular toilets, and higher speed potential compared to older designs. Their lighter stainless-steel construction also contributes to improved energy efficiency and reduced maintenance costs.
Railway officials have noted that the widespread induction of LHB coaches has enabled the operation of faster and more reliable trains, including premium services. The move has also supported infrastructure upgrades, as modern coaches are better suited to electrified routes and high-speed operations.
The large-scale manufacturing push has generated employment, boosted ancillary industries, and positioned Indian Railways as a growing exporter of modern rolling stock technology. As production continues and older coaches are progressively phased out, the railways aim to achieve a fully LHB-based passenger fleet in the coming years.